Work restoring nerve cell function in monkeys could lead to human trials by the end of the next year.

Are you already feeling despondent after just two weeks of following a strict diet? Relax! Rome wasn’t built in a day.

If you’re trying to lose weight, take your time and stay the course if you want to keep the weight off, a new study suggests.

Fluctuations aren’t good

Researchers found that when dieters’ weight fluctuated or swung erratically, they were less likely to maintain their weight loss over time.

“It seems that developing stable, repeatable behaviours related to food intake and weight loss early on in a weight-control programme is really important for maintaining changes over the long term,” said study lead author Emily Feig. She is a former graduate student at Drexel University in Philadelphia.

What the study entailed

For the study, the researchers investigated why some people have more trouble maintaining weight loss. The authors enrolled 183 people in a 12-month weight-loss programme and followed them for two years.

The participants relied on meal replacements and set goals, for both their total calories and physical activity. In addition, they reported on food behaviours – such as cravings, binges and emotional eating – and took part in weekly weigh-ins in a group setting. One year after the weight-loss programme ended, the participants were weighed for a final time.

The study, published in the journal Obesity, found that the participants who had irregular swings in their weight didn’t fare as well as those who reliably lost a consistent amount of weight over the course of the programme.

Slow and steady guidelines

“Settle on a weight-loss plan that you can maintain week in and week out, even if that means consistently losing three-quarters of a pound each week,” principal investigator Michael Lowe, a psychology professor at Drexel, said in a university news release.

Health24 gives the following guidelines to lose weight slowly and to maintain the weight loss:

• Consult a dietitian who can point you in the right direction and work out an eating plan just for you.
• Determine what triggers you to eat when you are not hungry and work on those emotions.
• Make small changes to cut kilojoules: Choose filter coffee over a cappuccino, for example.
• Avoid fad diets. You should be able to maintain a healthier diet for life.

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In 2015 I started realising that my physical well-being was taking strain because of my state of mind. I was anxious, tense and generally stressed out, but initially didn’t understand that my body was a reflection of how I was thinking about my life.

I was in a race, running from point A to B, chased by a perceived threat of scarcity, thinking, “What if I don’t have enough?”

Avoid a scarcity complex

The realisation that I was thinking myself out of physical well-being came gradually, through the practice of yoga. As I focused on the postures in class, I was distracted from the fear of scarcity; I was distracted from worry. As the instructors led me through the postures, “affirming” the practice, it became clear that I hadn’t been affirming myself. I had been scolding myself like a mean parent. I realised that that needed to change.

It has been confirmed so many times that a positive state of mind can help ward off illness and boost immunity. If this is such an obvious thing, why aren’t we doing it?

A scarcity complex takes us away from thinking about what we are thankful for and about what makes us happy. Instead, we spend our time worrying about what’s next, what’s needed and worst of all, what’s been lost.

I realised that my state of mind, and consequently the state of my body, was at the mercy of what I was telling myself. I had to begin to tell myself some good things. At first, I didn’t know how. I had no idea how to ease up and become my own best friend instead of my own worst critic.

‘A step toward contentment’

So to begin cultivating a more positive mindset. I started small and started backing away from the scarcity-motivated effort to try and “change or fix things” and began focusing on how I could accept things as they are. Most of all, I started making and effort to accept myself.

Think about it, if you really accept yourself, you won’t constantly think, “Oh, I need this and I wish I had that.” It’s a step toward contentment and away from resentment.

Reading positive affirmations, surrounding myself with people who are a good influence and practicing yoga were some of the steps I took – and my world started opening up. I started receiving the things I needed because I was open and no longer distracted by constantly wanting those things. I no longer felt “lacking”.

Perhaps the first thing to do is to observe how certain people or situations make you feel. There is nothing wrong with avoiding, if possible, the things that make you feel bad and lead you away from a healthy and peaceful state of mind.

I learned that paying attention to the things that made me smile made me smile more, and made me a happier and healthier person.

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Anneke Scheepers

Oh, the ritual of stopping at your favourite coffee shop and taking the first sip of your steaming Americano! Some of us feel guilty about our indulgence, but apparently you don’t have to…

Your morning cup of coffee may be doing more than serving up a needed caffeine jolt – it may be adding years to your life.

Only a preliminary study

At least that’s the conclusion of a preliminary study that suggests – but doesn’t prove – that coffee is associated with a lower risk of death in the next 10 years.

“Our findings suggest that drinking four cups of coffee each day can be part of a healthy diet in healthy people,” said researcher Dr Adela Navarro, a cardiologist at Hospital de Navarra in Pamplona, Spain.

The findings were presented recently at the European Society of Cardiology Congress, in Barcelona.

Link between coffee and risk of death

For the study, researchers investigated the association between coffee consumption and risk of death. The observational study involved about 20 000 middle-aged people from the Mediterranean region. The participants were 37 years old, on average, at the start of the study and were followed for approximately 10 years.

“Coffee is one of the most widely consumed beverages around the world,” Navarro said in a society news release. “Previous studies have suggested that drinking coffee might be inversely associated with all-cause mortality but this has not been investigated in a Mediterranean country.”

When the study began, the participants completed a survey about their lifestyle, overall health, diet and coffee consumption. The researchers also collected socio-demographic information, such as age, gender and ethnicity.

During the follow-up period, the researchers tracked the participants using information from their families, updates from the post office and a national death index.

Stronger effect on older people

Over the course of the next decade, 337 of the participants died. And those who drank at least four cups of coffee a day had a 64% lower risk of death from any cause than those who drank little or no coffee on a regular basis, the study authors said.

After examining additional data, the researchers said they found the benefit of drinking coffee was even more notable among the participants who were 45 or older. Among these people, drinking two extra cups of coffee a day was linked with a 30% lower risk of death during the follow-up period.

“We found an inverse association between drinking coffee and the risk of all-cause mortality, particularly in people aged 45 years and above. This may be due to a stronger protective association among older participants,” Navarro said.

The negatives

Drinking coffee certainly has some benefits, but there are a number of negative effects in some people. Examples are:

• Anxiety
• Sleeplessness
• Nervousness and restlessness
• Stomach upset
• Nausea
• Increased heart rate
• Headache

Also remember that coffee adds extra calories to your overall diet when you add sugar, sweetened syrup or cream.

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