Have The US Midterm Elections Sunk Donald Trump’s Chances Of Another Presidential Run?

So is Donald Trump an election liability? That was the question being posed by Republicans on Wednesday as the dust settled on a disappointing set of US mid-term election results.

A triumphant Republican “red wave” was predicted thanks to the traditional beating the party of the sitting president is handed down, allied to stubbornly-high inflation hitting voters in the pocket and Joe Biden’s grim approval ratings. In the event, the wave was more of a ripple.

While the final numbers might not be known for weeks, the fact remains that Biden’s Democrats could actually maintain a voting majority in the Senate, and control of the House is still not declared, as victories in key governors’ races were celebrated. It was not supposed to be this way.

US midterm election results as at 8am GMT November 9 2022. Infographic from PA Graphics.
US midterm election results as at 8am GMT November 9 2022. Infographic from PA Graphics.

Press Association Images

The Republican post-mortem began with the part Trump played, and the conspiracy-laden politics he has inspired and supported. The ex-president gave his full-throated endorsement to nearly 40 candidates, many who championed his Make America Great Again agenda, including the discredited theory that the 2020 election was compromised by fraud. Many under-performed – as evidenced by the “split-ticket” voting that saw more moderate Republicans in the same states do markedly better than Trump acolytes.

“Every Republican in America this morning is waking up sick to their stomach,” said Republican strategist David Urban, a former Trump advisor. “Live by Trump, die by Trump.”

How did Trump’s endorsements work out?

Trump’s influence on the vote goes back further than taking the stage with his favourites. He went against the wishes of party leaders and picked candidates he felt were the most loyal to him, and there were generally stronger GOP alternatives than the candidates Trump chose.

In New Hampshire, Don Bolduc, a Republican who bought into conspiracy theories, lost to incumbent Democratic Maggie Hassan, setting expectations low for Republicans in other states.

And in Pennsylvania, GOP Senate candidate and former TV host Mehmet Oz lost to Democrat John Fetterman, who is recovering from a stroke, in another blow for a Trump pick. Democrat Josh Shapiro also easily beat Doug Mastriano, a Christian nationalist and extremist election denier who Trump also endorsed, in the race for Pennsylvania governor.

<img class="img-sized__img landscape" loading="lazy" alt="Donald Trump with Mehmet Oz during a Save America rally in Pennsylvania.” width=”720″ height=”479″ src=”https://www.wellnessmaster.com/wp-content/uploads/2022/11/have-the-us-midterm-elections-sunk-donald-trumps-chances-of-another-presidential-run-5.jpg”>
Donald Trump with Mehmet Oz during a Save America rally in Pennsylvania.

ANGELA WEISS via Getty Images

Trump candidates also fared poorly in House races. In Ohio, Republican JR Majewski, a poorly-vetted candidate who lied about his Air Force experience, lost to longtime Democratic Congresswoman Marcy Kaptur. Trump’s blessing helped elevate Majewski in the Republican primary against two state lawmakers who were more likely to beat Kaptur.

In Michigan, early results showed Democrat Hillary Scholten leading Trump-backed Republican John Gibbs in a district represented by Republican Peter Meijer, who lost a primary to Gibbs after he voted with Republicans to impeach Trump.

There were two bright spots. Republican JD Vance, who advanced out of a GOP primary with Trump’s help, easily won his Senate race in Ohio. Another Trump Senate nominee, Ted Budd, won in North Carolina.

A new Republican hope?

But as Trump-backed candidates flailed, Florida governor Ron DeSantis scored a resounding 20 percentage points victory with his brand of “competent Trumpism”. A tilt at the Republican presidential nomination is now a near certainty. Notably, Trump did not endorse DeSantis and has even begun to troll his potential rival, giving him the nickname “Ron De-sanctimonious”.

<img class="img-sized__img landscape" loading="lazy" alt="Republican gubernatorial candidate for Florida Ron DeSantis with his wife Casey DeSantis speaks to supporters during an election night watch party at the Convention Center in Tampa, Florida.” width=”720″ height=”479″ src=”https://www.wellnessmaster.com/wp-content/uploads/2022/11/have-the-us-midterm-elections-sunk-donald-trumps-chances-of-another-presidential-run-6.jpg”>
Republican gubernatorial candidate for Florida Ron DeSantis with his wife Casey DeSantis speaks to supporters during an election night watch party at the Convention Center in Tampa, Florida.

GIORGIO VIERA via Getty Images

The huge win, coupled with the struggles for Trump-endorsed candidates elsewhere, has already prompted the governor’s many fans in conservative media to hail him one of the bigger winners of this year’s election cycle.

How has Trump reacted?

Badly, it appears. The New York Times reported Trump was “livid” about the results, with his fury in particular directed at the loss by Oz in Pennsylvania. He blamed people who recommended that he endorsed the TV doctor, including his wife, Melania Trump.

Is Trump cooked?

In seems unlikely, though, that Trump will shuffle off into the shadows as a result of ballot. Trump is arguably still the most powerful figure in his party, and next Tuesday he has promised a “major” announcement, which seems likely to be the confirmation he intends to run in 2024.

“I’m going to be making a very big announcement on Tuesday, November 15 at Mar-a-Lago,” Trump said on Monday night before the midterm results.

Perhaps the only thing standing in Trump’s way is his own ego: if he recognises he can’t win either the Republican nomination or the presidential race, perhaps he finds a convenient excuse to avoid being seen as a loser again.

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1 in 3 infected with HIV in blood scandal was a child

About 380 children with blood disorders are now thought to have tested positive for HIV.

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Nurses’ strike: What is the dispute about?

Nurses belonging to the Royal College of Nursing union have voted to strike.

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Nurses across UK back strikes in pay dispute

Walkout by Royal College of Nursing members in more than half of services expected by end of year.

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Exploring AI Art Co-Creation

As I’ve been playing around with AI art tools, I decided to update the associated images for our courses. I wanted to come up with a more unique and personal expression than using the old stock images as we’ve been doing for the past few years.

This was a relatively small project, and it gave me a nice reason to delve into some interesting AI tools to better assess their capabilities. I definitely learned a lot and very much enjoyed the experience.

With most of the images I iterated dozens of times, feeding incremental images back to the AI tools and prompting them to keep evolving those images in directions of my choosing.

I also did some classic image editing to get the images the way I wanted them to look. Often I’d do some edits along the way to nudge the AI to explore in a different direction.

I began by feeding the AI different words that I associated with a given course, including the name of the course, my name, and lots of topical keywords that relate to the course. Then I set the AI to generate at least 100 images to begin with, sometimes a few hundred, so I could see a nice divergent set of conceptual ideas. From there I could pick my favorites and evolve some of them further.

I went through many rounds of diverging to generate more ideas and then converging by creating more subtle variations of concepts I like. Finally I did some fine-tuning.

The experience was like having a team of artists to keep creating more art, and I could keep guiding them and giving them feedback till they created something that satisfied me.

I don’t expect or need other people to like my creations. My goal was to replace the stock photo images with creations that are meaningful to me, full of symbolism and imagery that genuinely connects with each course. I wanted to raise my standard for authentic and personal expression. I’m not seeking to impress anyone, and I’m sure some people will not like the images. I’m totally okay with that. I really like how these turned out though.

I smile now when I look at the Courses page since I have a personal connection to each image. I no longer think, “I should really replace that stock image with something more expressive.”

Submersion

The first one I made was the Submersion image.

Submersion

Submersion is about exploring Subjective Reality, which can be like stepping through a portal, so I like that this looks portal-like. SR is also a lens that can be used, so the lens-like look works nicely too.

With this image I did very little editing and largely used what the AI created, although I did generate many hundreds of other images before finding this one. I like how it conveys so many aspects of the Submersion experience in a compact visual form, especially how you can’t really grasp the world of SR until you finally dive in and explore it. It looks like some kind of deep aquatic world inside, but you’ll never know what it’s like to be in that reality till you go inside and experience it for yourself. I love how this image invites us to explore what’s in there.

I especially like the intricate look of the border around the portal. I deliberately prompted the AI to create something intricate and detailed.

Rachelle also noted that this image reminds her of an old diver’s helmet, which is another good association to the course.

I find this image very beautiful too. I love the rich complexity of it.

Octo Intensive

The next image I created was for the Octo Intensive workshop that we did online in October 2021.

Octo Intensive

This was a one-time workshop, so I’m only using this image for the recorded version that Conscious Growth Club members can access as part of their membership.

The Octo Intensive was about 8 principles of motivation, hence the Octo theme. At first the AI was generating a lot of weird octopus images that were too literal, so I had to tone down the octopus prompting and nudge it to do more with the other concepts. Eventually we started converging in an interesting direction.

I like how to ribbon represents a prize, award, or gift, and there are embedded diamonds as well, representing the many rewards of maintaining strong motivation. The octopus owns its place in the midst of those rewards, like of course that’s where it belongs. Its eyes look a bit like gemstones too – a reminder to practice intentionality by focusing on our desires.

Deep Abundance Integration

For Deep Abundance Integration, I started with a tree in a circle and then evolved it a lot from there, eventually coming up with this.

Deep Abundance Integration

I put a lot of thought into the symbolism that I included in this one. There’s a tree and leaves for growth. The leaves are textured for nuance and subtleties in the growth journey. The tree has branches for the many form of abundance. There are leaves below (inner journey) and leaves above (external rewards).

The heart jewel is to remind people to follow their path with a heart and for a symbol of wealth and luxury. The water has ripples for the many ripples that we can create with an abundance mindset. Sunrise is happening in the background (sunny days ahead).

The copper color was Rachelle’s idea. I like it as a symbol of groundedness and depth since it’s mined from the earth. She also came up with the heart idea.

The sky represents unlimited expansion (i.e. the sky’s the limit).

I like images that look like they could be real physical objects instead of just making flat 2D images. I like it when images convey depth and texture, like I could reach out and touch them. This reminds me that the growth ideas in these courses are accessible. They aren’t merely ideas – we can integrate them into our lives and make them real.

Stature

This new Stature image took took the longest, but I love how it turned out.

Stature

There’s a bronze person with outstretched arms, and there’s an animal-like face in the glass behind. The eyes of the face also function as a Superman-like cape for the figure.

There’s more symbolism embedded in this… such as putting metal (strong) in front of glass (fragile).

Stature is a course on character sculpting, which is like transforming the wild, beast-like parts of ourselves into the strong selves that we wish to become. Yet we don’t abandon the beast side because it supports us in our human journey.

Amplify

The Amplify image merges a microphone, speaker, and light bulb all in one. I love the simple elegance of this one.

Amplify

This was the fastest and easiest course image to create, and I felt like I was really in the flow of working with the AI to develop it. It still took many iterations, but we made interesting progress at each step and converged pretty quickly.

Amplify is a course on creative flow and creative productivity. The mic represents finding our voice. The light bulb is for creative ideas, and since the light bulb is the same object as the mic, it’s a reminder to act on inspired ideas immediately. The speaker in the background is there to amplify the message, and it also looks a bit rippled to represent the ripples we can create.

This image also has a structure similar to a trophy, representing the fulfillment side of creative achievement.

And the image is compact and simple, reminding us that we can just create without overcomplicating the experience.

Tech-wise though, that configuration would send a ton of audio feedback from the speaker right into the mic, so that’s symbolic of hearing the call of one’s audience so loudly you can no longer ignore it. It’s like the speaker is advertising that it’s time to step up to the mic and start expressing yourself.

Guild

Guild is a course on social alignment, so I wanted to convey many different aspects of a good social circle in a single image.

Guild

In the different faces, you’ll see diversity and playfulness. But there’s also a lot of uniformity, which represents creating alignment in your social circle.

The characters are in sync, but the pieces aren’t all perfectly square since we’ll surely invest more in some people than in others. There’s a gold cord around the outside since good friends are like gold.

We all wear masks at times, so the challenge of intimacy is to look beyond the surface and get to know the characters behind the masks. Not everyone is masked to the same degree.

There’s a mix of warm and cool colors since people can be warm or cold too – and sometimes both.

Self-Expression

Does working with AI tools circumvent the creative process, such that the AI does all the heavy lifting?

I don’t see it that way at all. Using such rich tools allows me to focus more attention at a different level. Instead of thinking about brush strokes and colors, I can focus on meaning and symbolism and the overall structure of an image. I can pay attention to lower level details too, but I don’t have to get bogged down in creative skills that don’t interest me, like learning to draw, paint, or sculpt.

That might bother some people who invested years in some of their creative skills, which I can understand as a former game developer. I could just as easily say that to be a true artist, you should make your own canvases, paints, pencils, brushes, etc. I could say that it’s cheating if you play a musical instrument that someone else built and that a real artist would build their own. But of course that’s rubbish. We all lean on the work of the past, and to me this experience is no different in that regard. There’s just more past to lean on now.

I will say that I didn’t try to copy or emulate any known artist’s style with these images, living or dead. I never fed in the name of an artist or person (other than myself) for any of the prompts I used. That wouldn’t have felt good to me, and it would have run contrary to my purpose for this exploration.

These images may violate people’s expectations. Right now I don’t know of any friends in this field making these kinds of images to associate with their products. I’m sure some people would discourage me from going this route as well, just as people tried to discourage me from getting into blogging back in 2004.

To me these images are all meaningful. They represent much of what I put into the courses. I actually prefer images that make people do a double-take. If people see these as odd or unusual, I consider that a good thing.

Even though people often invite me to converge on their expectations, Reality has been rewarding me for divergent behavior for decades, and I trust my instincts. Presently my instincts tell me that this is a fascinating toolset to continue to exploring with.

I don’t have negative associations to co-creating with AI. I leveraged AI ideation tools for the Octo Intensive and for the Guild course, and I felt this added value to those experiences. Other participants appreciated the AI’s contributions as well, which helped us to explore some interesting directions.

Moreover, I’ve gained some useful personal growth insights from co-creating with AI tools. As I worked with prompting images to evolve in a certain direction, it reminded me of the importance of iterative upgrades in my life as well. In the short term, progress may appear to be minimal, but the compounding effects can be profound in the end.

I’m reminded of a time that my first wife Erin and I put up a sign in our living room that said, “$5000 per month,” back when we were struggling financially. That simple sign did the trick, and we soon got to that income level and well beyond. It was like prompting ourselves to create what we wanted, causing our mindsets to shift a bit more each day. Those micro-shifts can really add up over time.

I was also reminded of the importance of combining intentionality with flexibility. When I tried to over-control the AI, I would often hit a plateau because I wasn’t playing to the AI’s strengths. In those situations it was better to give the AI more creative flexibility, so it could evolve images even in violation of my prompting. But it wasn’t wise to let the AI be too divergently creative for too long since we could get lost in the vastness of the possibility space and never converge on an idea. I found other ways to leverage the AI to refine a messy or flawed concept into a more refined one.

At its best this was a transcendent experience. I love the synergy of combining my strengths with the AI’s strengths and working in the zone where we can each contribute our best creativity for interesting results. Sometimes I would see a new image and smile, marveling at the AI’s cleverness or brilliance. Its ideas often inspired me to go down different paths than I’d previously had in mind. Where we ended up with each image was usually very different from where we started.

This is good reminder to bring a similar mindset to our goals. Be intentional but also flexible because you’re not 100% in control. You’re co-creating this journey with Reality, and you need to play to its strengths to invite the best flow of cooperation.

I remain very optimistic about the future of co-creating with AI. It seems like such a rewarding path to keep exploring. It elevates the creative experience away from the mundane and towards the divine. I love how such tools are extending the range of what I can create and express and with whom.

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Gavin Williamson Quits Over Bullying Allegations

Gavin Williamson has resigned from Rishi Sunak’s cabinet amid a series of bullying allegations against him, saying he was “becoming a distraction for the good work this government is doing”.

Williamson, who was promoted to Cabinet Office minister when Sunak became prime minister, was under renewed pressure following reports in The Guardian that he told a ministry of defence official to “slit your throat”.

The Tory party and parliament’s bullying watchdog are also looking into allegations made by former chief whip Wendy Morton.

Williamson was previously sacked as defence secretary for leaking from the National Security Council, and fired as education secretary over A-level exam chaos.

His resignation came just hours after Downing Street insisted Sunak still had full confidence in the minister.

In his resignation letter, Williamson told Sunak: “As you know, there is an ongoing complaints process concerning text messages I sent to a colleague.

“I am complying with this process and I have apologised to the recipient for those messages.

“Since then, there have been other allegations made about my past conduct. I refute the characterisation of these claims, but I recognise these are becoming a distraction for the good work this government is doing for the British people.

“I have therefore decided to step back from government so that I can comply fully with the complaints process that is underway and clear my name of any wrongdoing.”

The decision to quit follows allegations he sent expletive-laden messages to Morton complaining about being refused an invitation to the Queen’s funeral, claims he bullied a former official at the ministry of defence and an accusation of “unethical and immoral” behaviour while he was chief whip.

In his response, Sunak said he was accepting the resignation “with great sadness”, but “I support your decision to step back and understand why you have done it”.

He told Williamson “I would like to thank you for your personal support and loyalty” and expressed his “gratitude for the work you have done for this government”.

Angela Rayner, deputy leader of the Labour Party, said: “This is a damning reflection of a weak prime minister. Rishi Sunak appointed Gavin Williamson with full knowledge of serious allegations about his conduct and repeatedly expressed confidence in him.

“This is yet another example of Rishi Sunak’s poor judgement and weak leadership. It is clear that he is trapped by the grubby backroom deals he made to dodge a vote, and is incapable of putting country before party.

“As families struggle during a cost of living crisis made in Downing Street, yet another Tory government has descended into chaos.”

Williamson, who was knighted after being nominated for the honour by Boris Johnson earlier this year, is a divisive figure at Westminster, where he is viewed with suspicion by many Tory MPs because of his reputation as an inveterate plotter.

He was sacked first by former PM Theresa May as defence secretary in 2019 for leaking details of a National Security Council meeting, and then by Johnson as education secretary over the Covid-19 A-levels debacle.

However, he was regarded as a key figure in Sunak’s campaign over the summer to become party leader and his departure will be embarrassing for the prime minister.

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What Could The Results Of The US Midterm Elections Mean For Donald Trump?

Donald Trump does not appear on the ballot paper at the US midterm elections, but the ex-president still looms large.

Rejected by the American public two years, the TV star-turned-politician has been fully embraced by the Republican Party – or at least the Trump playback has become gospel for hundreds of candidates hoping for victory.

Since his fingerprints are everywhere, the elections for the US House of Representatives and the Senate will be interpreted by many as referendum on Trump-ism – and could play a decisive role in whether Trump is the Republican presidential candidate in 2024.

What has he said?

While he is yet say officially, Trump has as near-as-dammit indicated a third presidential run is on.

“I’m going to be making a very big announcement on Tuesday, November 15 at Mar-a-Lago,” Trump said in Ohio on Monday night, where he was holding yet another rally of the midterm season.

Trump explained that he wanted “nothing to detract from the importance of tomorrow”, even after he had sparked a frantic effort to hold him off after he had told people he was considering officially launching his next campaign at the rally.

Trump has been increasingly explicit about his plans to seek another term, saying in recent days that he would “very, very, very probably” run again and would be formalising his intentions “very, very soon”.

“I will probably have to do it again but stay tuned,” he said on Sunday night in Miami. “Stay tuned to tomorrow night in the great state of Ohio.”

Could the midterms derail his plans?

The Republicans are expected to do well at the polls for many reasons that have nothing to do with Trump or his positions.

Midterm elections – half-way through the US president’s four-year term in office – typically see the party that holds the White House getting a roasting: see Barack Obama losing the House midway through his first term, and the same happening to Trump in 2018.

Democrats under Joe Biden are also hamstrung by the president’s low approval ratings, fuelled by voter concerns over economy and inflation, even if these have been caused by global factors such as Russia’s invasion of Ukraine.

The Republicans are the favourites to win the House, and they need to pick up just one seat to gain control of the Senate. So given his influence over the slate of candidates put forward by the Republicans, Trump could face being blamed if the elections do not got well (and, by the same token, big victories would be a major fillip for the Trump political brand).

<img class="img-sized__img landscape" loading="lazy" alt="Donald Trump and Republican candidate for US Senate JD Vance during the rally at the Dayton International Airport.” width=”720″ height=”480″ src=”https://www.wellnessmaster.com/wp-content/uploads/2022/11/what-could-the-results-of-the-us-midterm-elections-mean-for-donald-trump-3.jpg”>
Donald Trump and Republican candidate for US Senate JD Vance during the rally at the Dayton International Airport.

Drew Angerer via Getty Images

How much influence does Trump wield?

The ex-president has endorsed nearly 300 candidates. Among them is JD Vance, an author, venture capitalist and one-time Trump critic. His decision to back Vance in the state’s hyper-competitive Senate primary vaulted the political newcomer to victory in a crowded Republican field.

Many who back Trump have embraced his American First positions, including his isolationist foreign policy and focus on immigration. In large part they have even taken up his “big lie” about fraud during the presidential vote in 2020. In a case where a GOP nominee has refused to spread the false claim – businessman Joe O’Dea in Colorado – Trump has attacked him, actively hurting both his campaign and Republican chances to win back the chamber.

Commentators point out the grip Trump has on thee party has saddled the GOP with relatively weak candidates in Arizona, Pennsylvania, Georgia and New Hampshire – key states that could decide who holds either chamber.

In Georgia, Trump backed Herschel Walker, a former college football star, which drove away other potential candidates. Walker’s campaign has been dogged by questions about his turbulent personal life, including allegations of domestic violence from his ex-wife and, more recently, two women saying that Walker pressured them to have abortions during their relationships, allegations he has denied. His candidacy could now result in Democratic senator Rafael Warnock holding on to his seat with polls showing a tight race.

What else could stand in Trump’s way?

Trump is also facing a series of escalating legal challenges, including several investigations that could lead to indictments. They include the probe into hundreds of documents with classified markings that were seized by the FBI from his Mar-a-Lago club in Florida, as well as ongoing state and federal inquiries into his efforts to overturn the results of the 2020 presidential election.

The House committee investigating the January 6, 2021, attack on the US Capitol has also subpoenaed Trump and last month issued a letter to his lawyers saying he must testify, either at the Capitol or by videoconference, “beginning on or about” November 14 and continuing for multiple days if necessary.

<img class="img-sized__img landscape" loading="lazy" alt="Republican Florida governor Ron DeSantis speaks at a campaign rally in Orlando, Florida.” width=”720″ height=”480″ src=”https://www.wellnessmaster.com/wp-content/uploads/2022/11/what-could-the-results-of-the-us-midterm-elections-mean-for-donald-trump-4.jpg”>
Republican Florida governor Ron DeSantis speaks at a campaign rally in Orlando, Florida.

Octavio Jones via Getty Images

And he remains a polarising figure. Trump, who has a history dating back to the 1980s of publicly toying with White House bids only to back down, could also still decide not to run if he fears he could lose either in the Republican primaries or the general election itself. Could his ego take another defeat?

Who else could run in 2024?

The 2024 campaign will effectively kick off when the polls close on November 8, and potential Republican challengers have spent months carefully laying the groundwork for their own expected campaigns.

Florida governor Ron DeSantis is widely seen as Trump’s most formidable challenger having honed his brand of competent Trump-ism. Former vice president Mike Pence will be releasing a book on the same day as the Trump announcement, which is seen as part of his own potential campaign rollout.

Texas senator Ted Cruz and Florida senator Rick Scott have been aggressively campaigning for midterm candidates, as has former UN ambassador Nikki Haley.

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Old bone links lost American parrot to ancient Indigenous bird trade

For centuries, Indigenous communities in the American Southwest imported colorful parrots from Mexico. But according to a study led by The University of Texas at Austin, some parrots may have been captured locally and not brought from afar.

The research challenges the assumption that all parrot remains found in American Southwest archaeological sites have their origins in Mexico. It also presents an important reminder: The ecology of the past can be very different from what we see today.

“When we deal with natural history, we can constrain ourselves by relying on the present too much,” said the study’s author, John Moretti, a doctoral candidate at the UT Jackson School of Geosciences. “These bones can give us kind of a baseline view of the animal life of the ecosystems that surrounded us before huge fundamental changes that continue today began.”

The study was published in print in the September issue of The Wilson Journal of Ornithology.

Parrots are not an uncommon find in southwestern archaeological sites dating as far back as the 7th or 8th centuries. Their remains have been found in elaborate graves and buried in trash heaps. But no matter the condition, when archaeologists have discovered parrot bones, they usually assumed the animals were imports, said Moretti.

There’s good reason for that. Scarlet macaws — the parrot most commonly found in the archaeological sites — live in rainforest and savannahs, which are not part of the local landscape. And researchers have discovered the remains of ancient parrot breeding facilities in Mexico that point to a thriving parrot trade.

But there is more to parrots than macaws. In 2018, Moretti found a lone ankle bone belonging to a species known as the thick-billed parrot. It was part of an unsorted bone collection recovered during an archaeological dig in the 1950s in New Mexico.

“There was a lot of deer and rabbit, and then this kind of anomalous parrot bone,” said Moretti, a student in the Jackson School’s Department of Geological Sciences. “Once I realized that nobody had already described this, I really thought there was a story there.”

Thick-billed parrots are an endangered species and do not live in the United States today due to habitat loss and hunting. But that was not the case even a relatively short time ago. As recently as the 1930s, their range stretched from Arizona and New Mexico to northern Mexico, where they live today. The boisterous, lime-green birds are also very particular about their habitat. They dwell only in mountainous old-growth pine forests, where they nest in tree hollows and dine almost exclusively on pine cones.

With that in mind, Moretti decided to investigate the connection between pine forests in New Mexico and Arizona and the remains of thick-billed parrots found at archaeological sites. He found that of the 10 total archaeological sites with positively identified thick-billed parrot remains, all contained buildings made of pine timber, with one settlement requiring an estimated 50,000 trees. And for half the sites, suitable pine forests were within 7 miles of the settlement.

Moretti said that with people entering parrot habitat, it’s plausible to think they captured parrots when gathering timber and brought them home.

“This paper makes the hypothesis that these [parrots] were not trade items,” Moretti said. “They were animals living in this region that were caught and captured and brought home just like squirrels and other animals that lived in these mountains.”

Moretti relied on thick-billed parrot bones from the United States and Mexico permanently archived in collections at The University of Kansas Biodiversity Institute and the Smithsonian Institution to conclusively identify the lone bone that sparked the research. Mark Robbins, an evolutionary biologist and the collection manager of the ornithological collections at The University of Kansas, said this study shows the value of natural history collections and the innumerable ways they assist with research.

“The scientists who originally collected those specimens, they had no idea they would be used in this fashion,” Robbins said. “You can revisit old questions or formulate new questions based on these specimens.”

The research was funded by the Museum of Texas Tech University, where Moretti earned a master’s degree.

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Nurses’ strike: Why young NHS workers are voting ‘yes’

Staff who’ve been in the NHS for a short time say they have seen enough to know change is needed.

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Nobel Prize chemistry in a more sustainable version

20 years ago, Danish chemist Morten Meldal discovered a new method for assembling molecules.

Assembling molecules has always been and still is a large part of chemists’ work — whether they are hired to develop new sewage treatment plants, sunscreens, batteries or dishwashing liquid; no new product is created until the molecules are put together correctly.

Meldal’s discovery was called click chemistry, and this year it won him the Nobel Prize in Chemistry (along with Barry Sharpless and Carolyn Bertozzi).

“Click chemistry is a huge discovery, and the Nobel Prize is fully deserved,” says Changzhu Wu, who is a chemist and an associate professor at the Department of Chemistry, Physics and Pharmacy, where he studies sustainable enzymes.

But, as he adds:

“The chemistry of the future needs be more sustainable, and this also applies to click chemistry.”

Together with colleagues, Changzhu Wu has published a scientific article in which the team describes a new type of sustainable click chemistry.

Traditional click chemistry requires a catalyst to get the desired chemical reaction started (in click chemistry, you want to get some molecules to “click” together), and that catalyst is copper ions.

“Copper ions are effective as a catalyst, but toxic to living organisms. So, we wanted to find an alternative to copper in click chemistry,” explains Changzhu Wu.

So did the chemist Carolyn Bertozzi, who further developed Morten Meldal’s discovery and found a way to avoid the toxic copper ions.

She came up with the idea of changing the shape of the click molecules to the octagon shape, which made them more reactive and able to click together without copper ions. This technique led to her being co-recipient of the Nobel Prize 2022.

“In our proposal for a new kind of click chemistry, we are still working with copper — but in a different way. We incorporate the copper ions into proteins and thus create a metalloenzyme that is already present in our organism. Copper in proteins poses no danger to nature or living organisms,” explains Changzhu Wu.

For the task, the research team used cheap and biodegradable proteins, namely bovine serum albumin (BSA), which originates from cows and is a common standard protein in laboratories.

It gets a polymer attached to it, and now copper ions can be embedded in the protein/polymer structure and act as a catalyst to start the click chemistry and allow chemist to put molecules together.

“In short, we use cheap, biodegradable proteins to convert toxic copper ions into non-toxic, biological catalysts,” said Changzhu Wu.

Sustainable chemistry at SDU:

Sustainable chemistry is essential for the development of new technologies for a greener future. At SDU, our goals are:

  1. To develop catalysts that can convert CO2 and plant material into valuable raw materials.
  2. To produce environmentally friendly materials for efficient extraction and storage of renewable energy.
  3. to use new materials and chemical processes to transform waste products into important resources.

Story Source:

Materials provided by University of Southern Denmark. Original written by Birgitte Svennevig. Note: Content may be edited for style and length.

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