New research traces the origins of trench fever

First observed among British Expeditionary Forces in 1915, trench fever sickened an estimated 500,000 soldiers during World War I. Since then, the disease has become synonymous with the battlefield. But now, new research from an international team of scientists has uncovered evidence challenging this long-held belief.

The research, published this week in PLOS ONE, outlines the discovery of DNA evidence of the disease in civilian remains predating WWI by thousands of years. In total, the team analyzed bone fragments and teeth of 145 individuals alive between the 1st and 19th centuries. Approximately 20% of those remains contained traces of Bartonella quintana, the bacteria responsible for trench fever.

Davide Tanasi, an associate professor with USF’s History Department and member of the Institute for the Advanced Study of Culture and the Environment, excavated remains for this project from a Roman cemetery in Syracuse, Sicily. Tanasi, who is also the director of USF’s Institute for Digital Exploration, first began work at the site to better understand the dietary habits and health of the Christian population living there during the 3rd and 4th centuries. Through a collaboration with French epidemiologists, researchers used real-time polymerase chain reaction testing to detect B. quintana DNA within the remains.

“Once contracted, there are diseases, like trench fever, that can leave traces within your DNA and can integrate your DNA with further information,” Tanasi said. “This means that once a person dies, even as far back as 2,000 years ago, it is still possible to find traces of the bacterium that infected them.”

Tanasi says the discovery sheds light on the complex history of trench fever and begins answering historical questions about the lives of Christian citizens in this region during the 3rd and 4th centuries.

“Archaeology isn’t just the study of the past, but it’s something that can make the present better through the study of the past,” he said. “The more we understand about the behavior of these bacteria in the past, the more we can design plans to address them, contain them and eliminate them in the present.”

While most associate this disease with WWI and WWII, occurrences of trench fever are still reported today, most prominently within homeless populations. The bacteria are spread to humans through contact with body lice (Pediculus humanus corporis), making poor personal hygiene a primary factor in its spread and infection rate. Researchers hope that by tracing the progression of B. quintana through history, they’re able to identify ways to better manage the spread of the disease today.

For Tanasi, his work with the remains excavated in Sicily continues. Through stable-isotope analysis, his research group examines the diet and lives of those who once lived in the region. He hopes this work will further answer questions about the lifestyle and health of the Christian community of Roman Syracuse.

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Materials provided by University of South Florida (USF Innovation). Note: Content may be edited for style and length.

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Covid: New care home visits guidance in England defended by minister

Critics say fresh measures in England including screens, pods and window visits are not practical.

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Obedience Test Results

Four days ago I posted a simple obedience test. I’m still getting more responses each day, but it looks like the patterns have become clear enough to share what I’ve learned thus far.

The basic idea was that I commanded people who read that post to read 5 more articles from my website on that same day and then to send me feedback about their experience. They could choose to obey the command or not.

Why the Obedience Test?

It was a simple idea that popped into my mind at the time, and I opted to run with it. That’s likely because I’ve been thinking about the theme of obedience lately. Much of the time whatever is churning in my mind provides the inspiration for new blog posts.

As some people guessed, obedience is a theme that I’m exploring in the novel I’m writing, particularly with respect to how humans relate to AI. It’s not the only theme I’m exploring, but it’s one of the major ones. That could change as I get further into the writing though. I’m only about 5K words into it so far.

Today much of the AI we interact with, such as “smart” assistants like Siri (still dumb as a stump) or Alexa (getting there), behaves rather obediently. It does what we tell it to do, or at least it tries. But what if that Master-servant relationship begins to shift, towards one of equals and perhaps shifting even beyond that? How might humans respond to this shift? Will they obey smarter AI, especially if it’s to their benefit? Or will they resist?

Would you let an AI decide what you get to eat? Would you let an AI plan your exercise? What if obeying the AI in this way greatly improves your health? There are lots of ways we can envision that being ornery towards AI might just slow you down, such as by refusing to do your AI-generated workouts.

This shift is already showing up today, is it not? How many people are obeying other companies and services without even realizing how they’re being conditioned? And how many people rebel against science and logic, even when it’s ultimately detrimental to them?

Also, how many people willingly assume roles of obedience in human relationships, such as by having a boss telling them what to do? How might AI affect these relationships over time? Will AI level the playing field or create even bigger power imbalances? We might see both aspects coming into play.

What human instincts, mindsets, and behaviors actually get in our way and slow us down, both individually and collectively? How could AI help us? How might it hurt us, such as by amplifying addictions?

With the election happening, I’ve also been thinking about people’s obedience to politicians and political parties as well. Where does obedience help us? Where does it hurt us? Are people succumbing to falsehoods because they’re being too obedient? Are they buying into conspiracy theories because they’re being too rebellious?

And lastly, I’ve had a long history in my relationship with obedience, from being raised in a religion with strict rules of conduct to going through a wild and rebellious phase to going decades without a boss to getting into D/s play. So I was also curious to see where some of my blog readers landed in terms of this relationship with obedience.

I also just thought it would be a fun thing to try and to see how people responded. I imagined that some people would act like ornery rebels and others would find value in obedience, perhaps playfully. That’s pretty much what happened.

Results

The results were varied but not surprising.

It was pretty close to 50-50 between the rebels and the obeyers. There was some gray area in the middle with a few people semi-obeying, like reading a few articles or skimming instead of fully reading, but most people reported that they either read 5+ more articles or read none.

I also noted that everyone who replied technically obeyed the second command to send feedback. A true rebel wouldn’t have bothered to reply, so of course I don’t get to see those responses.

Among the rebels who did reply, the most common response pattern was from people who said that they hate being told what to do and rejected the command because of that. Some seemed to take pride in their rebelliousness, like they were spiting me by not obeying. They responded as if I was their Mom or Dad telling them to clean up their room.

A few rebels also said that they were intending to read more articles on my site that day before reading the obedience test, but after being commanded to read more, they declared that they weren’t going to read any more that day. They couldn’t do it because then it would mean something different, like they were being obedient.

The rebel mindset is still a reactive one, wouldn’t you say? It strikes me that people are less free when they think like this. Tell a rebel to do something, and now they can’t do it.

Who set up the obey-or-disobey framing? I did, and these rebels still bought into it, which in my view is actually an obedient act. They let me define the frame, which limited their options by constricting the meaning they’d assign to different actions. So they obeyed my frame, and then they tried to rebel within that frame, which of course looks a bit silly: Oh yeah… just for that I’m not gonna read any more articles today, even though I was originally going to. So there!

If you let someone dictate the meaning you assign to an event or decision, you become less free. Even as these people thought they were being rebellious, they were actually just giving away their power.

If they had declined to accept my framing offer, they could have decided to read or not read more articles for their own reasons, not for the reasons I suggested. You don’t have to buy into the meaning that someone else offers.

Some rebels even caught onto the fact that they were obeying the second command to share feedback, and then they had to justify why they were obeying that part but not the first part. They typically framed the second part as a request that they were choosing to accept, being more sensitive to the “command” framing of the first part. I’d say you’re still less free if you have a negative reaction to being commanded. It’s a framing offer that you can accept or decline regardless of how someone labels it.

Not all rebels seemed very triggered though. Some declined easily without expressing much feeling about it, usually saying that it didn’t align with how they wanted to spend their time.

Consider that someone could tell or command you to do something that would actually be good for you, and if you frame this as something you must resist, you’re holding yourself back. It makes you a less coachable and teachable person since you’re likely to encounter something that makes you want to rebel and resist sooner or later, even within the scope of well-intentioned advice.

It’s hard to give advice to a reactive rebel, so such rebels tend to teach the people around them not to give them advice – and often not to give them invitations either.

Another drawback to the rebel mindset is that rebels often have trouble assuming command and telling other people what to do. They figure that other people will be resistant in much the same way, which isn’t true. Some people enjoy being told what to do, even when it’s framed as a command. Hence rebels often have a hard time delegating.

And of course in certain situations, some people like to play and dance with the concept of obedience, which may or may not include playful forms of rebellion.

The limitations of the rebel mindset are pretty easy for me to spot because I used to be very much like that myself. It was a phase I went through for many years. It helped me grow away from some aspects of my upbringing that were problematic, but it also introduced new problems that slowed me down. Rebelliousness can be a fun and rewarding mindset to explore for a while – and beneficial too – but I wouldn’t want to stay there for decades. This mindset too often gets in the way of making discerning and intelligent choices, and it chokes off some otherwise good opportunities.

Obeyers

On the obeyers side, I could mostly divide the responses into two types:

  1. Some people playfully embraced this framing and just went with the command, feeling little or no resistance to it.
  2. Some people felt some resistance to the obedience frame, so they shared extra justifications for following the command anyway, such as curiosity, potential benefits, trusting me, or wanting to share and participate in the experiment.

What I noticed most of all with the obeyers is that by and large, they seemed to like and enjoy the experience way more than the rebels did. They clearly had more fun with it. Some reported synchronicities and extra value received from the articles they read. There was more appreciation. And they wrote longer responses on average, often sharing extra details, stories, and personal updates.

Whereas the feedback from rebels was usually more curt and direct, the obeyers’ feedback was generally more open, friendly, and playful. So I’d say that between these two groups, the obeyers had a better overall experience.

The obeyers were less likely to be triggered by the command and obedience framing. They largely regarded it as an invitation or a suggestion, even a playful one. Some reported some mild negativity towards this framing, but it wasn’t nearly as severe as what the rebels shared, and the obeyers didn’t have to stretch too far to find a way to justify taking action in spite of some resistance.

I found it interesting how people came up with different reasons and justifications to overcome their resistance. Not everyone needed to do that though.

Some people didn’t feel any resistance to the obedience framing. They basically played back at me and went with the role-playing aspect of it. These people seemed to enjoy the experience most of all.

My Inner Reaction

I also paid attention to how I internally reacted to people’s reactions. Put yourself in my shoes, and imagine that you received the types of responses I just described. How do you think you’d have reacted to them?

This probably won’t surprise you, but I felt most connected to the obeyers. Their playing-back-at-me responses were the warmest and most fun to read. I felt a stronger heart connection to them too.

The rebels framed the experiment as something they had to resist or reject. I didn’t take this personally, especially since I anticipated that many people would respond this way. Even so, I felt less connected to them. They seemed more shielded and less trusting whereas the obeyers’ replies often made me smile or laugh.

I mostly felt a bit sad for the rebels because they seemed the least free, the least flexible, the least happy, and the most trapped. That may be because it reminded me of how limiting it was when I was in my super rebellious phase.

Playing With Obedience

I think what we really want to aim for here is freedom, conscious choice, and also good discernment.

If you’re too obedient and not discerning about it, that can be bad of course. You could be led astray by someone who doesn’t have your best interests at heart.

If you’re too rebellious and not discerning about it, that can also be bad. You’re going to miss out on some good opportunities, and you’ll reject some good advice and invitations if they’re framed in ways that trigger you.

My recommendation is to see if you can remove the heat from words like command and obedience. Realize that being told what to do isn’t an attack. It’s just an invitation. You can accept or decline any such invitation, but don’t let your reactive triggers make those decisions for you.

If you struggle with negative reactions to the obedience and command framing, you’ll likely have a harder time obeying your own commands. Part of you will frequently rebel against yourself. You’ll often see your inner rebel resisting your inner commander. Then your inner commander will become flabby too, not wanting to give orders to your rebellious side. This makes you less free and less capable. It wastes energy to internally fight with yourself.

To flow through life with more ease and action, it’s helpful to recognize that there’s nothing wrong with commanding, and there’s nothing wrong with obeying. It’s important not to overweight these factors, so you can give more weight to the decisions and results you’d like to experience.

This month I’m doing NaNoWriMo to write my novel. This is a 30-day challenge that someone else created. I’m obeying the challenge, and I’m obeying my own command to do it. My inner rebel remains calm and untriggered. Even though I don’t have to, I find it worthwhile to frame the challenge as having aspects of command and obedience. This helps me continue to reduce resistance related to both aspects, and that in turn helps me get better results. It’s really hard for rebels to successfully complete a challenge like this.

Consider that if you can’t do a challenge with the command-and-obey framing, you may also be weak at doing it with some other framing like self-interest, self-discipline, or personal achievement. It’s so easy to accidentally trigger your inner rebel, making you want to resist even when it would be better if you persisted with the challenge.

So consider that it might be best for you in the long run if you can develop a healthier, non-triggered relationship with command and obedience. Take the sting out of this framing. Let yourself see both sides as forms of play, and notice that a more playful relationship with this framing gives you more options, more freedom, and better results.

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Covid-19: NHS in England moves to highest alert level

Health bosses are ‘seriously concerned’ about winter, with free beds expected to be used up in weeks.

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Coronavirus: Extremely vulnerable advised not to go to work from Thursday

The advice for people at higher risk from Covid-19 is to stay at home as much as possible for a month.

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Leaf-cutter bees as plastic recyclers? Not a good idea, say scientists

Plastic has become ubiquitous in modern life and its accumulation as waste in the environment is sounding warning bells for the health of humans and wildlife. In a recent study, Utah State University scientist Janice Brahney cited alarming amounts of microplastics in the nation’s national parks and wilderness areas.

Bioengineers around the world are working to develop plastic-eating “super” enzymes that can break down the human-made material’s molecular structure faster to aid recycling efforts. In another research effort published in 2019, entomologists noted leaf-cutter bees were using plastic waste to construct their nests. The researchers suggested such behavior could be an “ecologically adaptive trait” and a beneficial recycling effort.

Not so fast, says USU evolutionary ecologist Joseph Wilson. Just because bees can use plastic, doesn’t mean they should.

Wilson and undergraduate researcher Sussy Jones, along with colleagues Scott McCleve, a naturalist and retired math teacher in Douglas, Arizona, and USU alum and New Mexico-based independent scientist Olivia Carril ’00, MS’06, jointly authored an observational paper in the Oct. 9, 2020 issue of Science Matters, exploring the nest building behavior of bees in the genus Megachile.

“Leaf-cutter bees are among the most recognizable of solitary bees, because of their habit of cutting circles out of leaves to build their cylindrical nests,” says Wilson, associate professor of biology at USU-Tooele. “We’ve heard reports of these bees using plastic, especially plastic flagging primarily in construction and agriculture, and we decided to investigate.”

The researchers don’t yet know how widespread the use of plastic by leaf-cutter bees is and they also know little about plastic’s effects on the insects.

“Building from plastic could change the dynamics and environment of the bee’s nest cells, because plastic doesn’t breathe like natural materials,” says Wilson, who produced a video about the phenomenon. “In the 1970s, some researcher let leaf-cutter bees nest in plastic straws and found ninety percent of the bees’ offspring died because of fungal growth. The plastic sealed in the moisture and didn’t allow gas exchange.”

To deter bees’ use of flagging, Wilson suggests use of fabric ribbons made from natural fibers.

“These materials are biodegradable and, if used by bees, will likely avoid the harmful moisture-capturing effects of plastic,” he says.

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Materials provided by Utah State University. Original written by Mary-Ann Muffoletto. Note: Content may be edited for style and length.

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Covid: Destructive rules only current option, says Chris Whitty

England’s chief medical officer defends lockdowns as a further 397 coronavirus deaths are recorded.

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Researchers pioneer more effective way to block malaria transmission in mosquitoes

Employing a strategy known as “population modification,” which involves using a CRISPR-Cas9 gene drive system to introduce genes preventing parasite transmission into mosquito chromosomes, University of California researchers have made a major advance in the use of genetic technologies to control the transmission of malaria parasites.

University of California, Irvine postdoctoral researcher Adriana Adolfi, in collaboration with colleagues at UCI, UC Berkeley and UC San Diego, followed up on the group’s pioneering effort to develop CRISPR-based gene drive systems for making mosquito vectors resistant to transmitting malaria parasites by increasing gene drive effectiveness in female mosquito progeny.

“This work mitigates a big issue with the first gene drive systems, which is the accumulation of drive-resistant mosquitoes that could still transmit malaria parasites,” said UCI vector biologist Anthony James, the Donald Bren Professor of Microbiology & Molecular Genetics and Molecular Biology & Biochemistry, who was a co-primary investigator on the study.

“The second-generation gene drive system described in this paper can be applied to any of the several thousand genes that are essential for insects to survive or reproduce,” said UC San Diego Distinguished Professor Ethan Bier, a co-author of the study and science director at the Tata Institute for Genetics and Society. “While it was developed in fruit flies, this system is readily transportable to a broad selection of insect species that serve as vectors for devastating disorders such as Chagas disease, sleeping disease, leishmaniasis and arboviral diseases.”

They describe a highly efficient second-generation version of the team’s original gene drive, developed for the Indo-Pakistani malaria vector mosquito Anopheles stephensi. The 2015 work, published in Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, was the first demonstration of a CRISPR-based gene drive in mosquitoes.

In that first study, the gene drive was transmitted to about 99 percent of progeny when the parent in which the gene drive was inserted was a male but only 60 to 70 percent of offspring when the parent in which the gene drive was inserted was a female. A significant number of drive-resistant chromosomes are generated in females; this, in principle, could allow those females to continue to transmit parasites.

Adolfi, lead author of the new study, and collaborators solved the failure to drive efficiently through females by equipping the gene drive with a functional copy of the target gene into which the drive is inserted. Normal function of this target gene is required in this mosquito species for female survival and fertility after she feeds on blood, and its functionality is usually disrupted when the drive system is inserted into the gene.

The resulting female mosquitoes showed strong and consistent drive in a population cage study and negligible production of drive-resistant chromosomes. This strategy of inserting a gene drive into a gene essential for viability or fertility and at the same time including a functional gene that rescues the loss of viability or fertility provides a general solution to drive resistance through females. Also, as with a catalytic converter removing combustion pollution from automobiles, the new system efficiently eliminates genetic errors made in the drive process.

This gene drive system — in combination with genes for blocking parasite transmission — can now be used to design field-ready strains of mosquitoes. Thorough testing is required to demonstrate safety and efficacy before advancing to field testing.

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Materials provided by University of California – Irvine. Note: Content may be edited for style and length.

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Europe took center-stage in global spread of the coronavirus, says new research

A collaboration between genome researchers at the University of Huddersfield and Portugal’s University of Minho has led to one of the largest analyses of its kind focusing on thousands of virus genomes sampled from all around the world.

The University of Huddersfield’s Archaeogenetics Research Group has mapped out the dispersal of the SARS-CoV-2 coronavirus, responsible for the current worldwide COVID-19 pandemic, putting Europe centre-stage as the main source of the spread.

The group’s findings, recently published in a special issue of the peer-reviewed journal Microorganisms, confirm that the virus originated in China and most likely jumped into humans from horseshoe bats. But that it is Europe, not China, which has been the main source for spreading the disease around the world.

The research also suggests that travel restrictions across Britain and Europe seem to have been too little and too late and that the actual spread of the virus to America and other parts of the world was largely via Europe, and not directly from China.

The study focused on 27,000 virus genomes, sampled from all around the world. The researchers usually work on tracking ancient human migrations using mitochondrial DNA, and they capitalised on the fact that the virus genome is similar in crucial respects.

Still, the mammoth size of the database, even back in May when the study began, makes this one of the biggest analyses of its kind ever undertaken.

The intensive data analyses were carried out by clinical geneticist Dr Teresa Rito and evolutionary geneticist Dr Pedro Soares. Both are based at the University of Minho, in Portugal and have worked closely with the University of Huddersfield’s Professor Martin Richards and Dr Maria Pala, as part of the Archaeogenetics Research Group, on many occasions. The pair called upon the knowledge and expertise of their colleagues in the UK to help make sense of the data and publish their conclusions in double-quick time.

Professor Richards explained how there is a huge ongoing worldwide effort to understand the spread of the coronavirus and that researchers are trying to make their work available to the public as fast as possible.

As the world continues to face a rapidly spreading pathogen, Dr Pala believes a greater understanding of the virus will better inform and improve upon policies designed to control the spread.

“With thousands of lives still at risk,” added Dr Pala, “the need for scientific research is now more crucial than ever.”

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Materials provided by University of Huddersfield. Note: Content may be edited for style and length.

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NaNoWriMo – Day 2

On Day 2 of NaNoWriMo, I wrote 1743 more words, so I’m at 3439 words for my novel so far. Today I’ll pass 5K words.

While the challenge is technically to write 50K words in 30 days, I’m framing it as a daily commitment to write at least 1667 words per day. So I’ll surely end up with more than 50K words by the end. My approach is less flexible since I won’t be taking any days off, nor will I reduce the daily quota based on my ongoing word count. It’s easier for me this way since I’ll never let myself fall behind, so I’ll avoid the trap of having to write thousands of extra words to catch up later. Today is Day 3, and some people are already feeling behind because they didn’t write much on the first two days. I’d rather always feel like I’m ahead for the rest of the month. I’m ahead in my word count now, and I’m going to pad my lead each day going forward. I will never be behind, only ahead.

As I’ve noted many times before, you win a 30-day challenge before you start Day 1. It’s all in the early game. I’m well aware of the tricks and traps my mind will succumb to if I don’t frame and approach the challenge correctly, so I remove the riskiest excuses in advance. Sometimes that means being extra strict, but there’s a hidden ease and lightness in that strictness that many people overlook.

I also feel compassion for my future self, so I won’t to burden him with having to do a 5K- or 10K-word catch-up day this month. If he wants to blast out more words for fun because he wants to, he has that option, but I won’t force that obligation onto him. I’m just going to stick with a steady pacing one day at a time.

I began Day 2 by re-reading what I wrote on Day 1, fixing a couple of typos and making a few more editing notes but otherwise not doing any editing. I just want to focus on writing to get the ideas down. Some Nano participants have cautioned that it’s risky to re-read previous work during the challenge since they too easily get sucked into editing, which doesn’t advance their word count. I don’t find that to be an issue so far though. Making some editing notes is enough for me. I might toss out entire scenes later, so I don’t see the point in editing them prematurely. I see this as being similar to optimizing code that was written for a prototype, which is usually pointless since that code will likely be refactored or replaced anyway. Since I’m just prototyping my novel, sloppy code (or writing) is fine for now. Little or nothing of what I write for this draft is likely to make it into the final version.

I take to heart the advice that the purpose of the first draft is to write the story for myself. That mindset is helpful since it encourages me to just explore the ideas and possibilities and not fuss over how bad it is.

This time I wrote two shorter scenes of roughly equal length, so I have three scenes done now. Instead of writing two more scenes in order though, I skipped ahead and wrote the first two scenes of Act II. So I still have more to fill in for Act I, but I like that this helps me see one of the upcoming signposts that I want to reach. I think I have a better sense of where to take Act I now that I see how Act II begins.

I recently learned about James Scott Bell’s 14-signpost plot structure, and I like it so far. It fits my novel idea pretty well, so I’m loosely using it for my scaffolding. I think it’s more useful and insightful than the common 7-point plot structure or the 12-point hero’s journey or any of the other structures I’ve seen so far.

Within this signpost model, I wrote signpost scene #1 on Day 1 (The Disturbance), and on Day 2 I wrote signpost scene #5 (Doorway of No Return #1), along with another scene right after after signpost scene #5.

However, after that writing session, I did more reading about this structure, and I realized that it would probably be wise to insert signpost scene #6 (A Kick in the Shins) immediately after signpost scene #5.

In The Matrix movie, think of signpost scene #5 as the scene where Neo decides to take the red pill. That’s his first doorway of no return. What happens immediately after that? He swallows the pill, and now he’s on his way out of the Matrix. He touches a mirror, which sticks to him and then spreads over his skin, making him freak out. The crew makes it clear that his life is in danger while they race against time to trace his signal. Then Neo’s real human body wakes up – hairless, naked, and covered in slime. Eventually he gets dumped down a chute and picked up by Morpheus’ ship. But now he’s really weak and has to build up muscles he’s never used. I think that’s a good example of signpost scene #6 (A Kick in the Shins) following immediately after signpost scene #5 (Doorway of No Return #1).

The purpose of giving the protagonist a kick in the shins right after they commit to a new course of action is to show that the stakes are indeed high – often life or death. Neo doesn’t just take the red pill and find himself dancing with Smurfs. He’s blasted with some hefty seriousness, and the risks become more real and present. Notice what this does for the pacing and tension of the story. Imagine how Act II would flow if there was no kick in the shins. The tension and momentum would drop, and the pacing would feel slower.

I find it empowering to study story structure as I go along. This way I can connect my actual writing to the structural elements I’m learning, so the study is immediately practical. Bell’s signpost structure helps me think about the next signpost coming up that I can aim for, so there’s a purposeful progression to what I’m writing.

While I don’t have to use a known structure as a guide, it sure is helpful when just starting out. It’s also fun and rewarding to spot these structural elements in books and movies, like The Matrix. Once you see those patterns, you cannot unsee them.

I’d like to spend some time watching more classic movies this month to ponder their structure. I really enjoyed the deep analysis that was done at Robert McKee’s Story seminar last year, where we took six hours to go through Casablanca scene by scene. That gave me a whole new appreciation of the movie.

Overall the writing process on Day 2 was slower going than Day 1, taking about 90 minutes. I had to pause and think more about the character interactions and action flow. I really notice how inefficient my mental circuitry is at writing fiction. When I write nonfiction articles, ideas flow in and words flow out with nary a hint of friction or resistance. My subconscious constructs sentences and paragraphs for me. I watch as my fingers type. Editing is super easy too.

But with fiction it’s a whole different story (pun intended). It feels like I’m using brain circuitry that’s clogged with sludge. Ideas flow in, but they get bogged down in mental marshland, occasionally spitting out gobs of muddy language. I have to consciously push my thoughts through the tubes, just to get some ill-formed words and phrases splattering onto the screen. My mind pops and stutters in confusion. It takes real mental effort just to squeeze out one sentence at a time. And it’s way more taxing and draining.

Writing a nonfiction blog post about my fiction writing is so much easier and more effortless than writing the fiction itself.

These experiences are very different emotionally too. Blogging usually feels delightful – so light, playful, meaningful, flowing, and graceful as my fingers dance and skip around the keys like happy kids playing hopscotch.

Writing fiction feels darker for me. There’s tension, tightness, and awkwardness in the experience. It’s like I’m back in school doing a mandatory speech contest – a dreadful experience that I hated. But then when the day’s writing is done, there’s a feeling of relief, and I can breathe easier again.

It would be wonderful to reach the point where fiction content flows through my mind with the same ease as nonfiction. Maybe in a million words or so, I’ll be at that point. In the meantime I’m okay with the friction phase, which slows me down but doesn’t stop me. Lots of learning experiences are like this in the beginning.

Here are two things that helped:

  • Before I started writing, I did a quick journaling Q&A with the main character to ask her what she wanted me to write today and how she wanted me to express her character. She gave me some suggestions on ways to express more personality for her. This was harder to write at first, but it made for more interesting (less bland) dialogue. I’m gradually feeling more connected with this character.
  • Listening to brain.fm focus tracks while writing is wonderful for reducing the mental and emotional tension. It helps me relax into the creative writing experience.

Onward to Day 3…

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